➀ The revenue of high-end router equipment declined for the fifth consecutive quarter; ➁ Nokia was the only manufacturer to see an increase in router revenues year-over-year, gaining five percentage points of market share; ➂ The highest decline in revenue was observed in core routers, but core router revenue was stable on a quarterly basis.

1. The Optical Transport market is expected to grow at a 2% CAGR over the next five years. 2. The decline in 2024 is attributed to customers pausing purchases to manage excess inventory. 3. Demand for data center interconnect (DCI) is forecast to increase annually, with significant growth in long haul deployments.